FY2024
Fuel and energy
What U.S. transit vehicles burn, and what share of their miles now run without a tailpipe. NTD publishes this file from 2022 onward, so these series are shorter than the ridership and cost ones.
Diesel burned
431.2M
gallons, all modes
Gasoline burned
97.5M
gallons
Natural gas
191.3M
gallon equivalents
Zero-emission miles
25.9%
battery, hydrogen and electric propulsion
Miles by fuel
Stacked, nationwide
Fuel mix, FY2024
Share of fleet miles
By mode, FY2024
| Mode | Fleet miles | Diesel (gal) | CNG (gal eq.) | Electric (kWh) | Zero-emission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bus | 1.93B | 271.9M | 182.4M | 75.2M |
|
| Demand Response | 785.7M | 2.17M | 5.4M | 1.26M |
|
| Heavy Rail | 705.7M | — | — | 3.59B |
|
| Commuter Rail | 208.8M | 91.4M | — | 1.7B |
|
| Vanpool | 158.5M | 509 | — | 341K |
|
| Commuter Bus | 153.2M | 16M | 2.79M | 2.83M |
|
| Light Rail | 116.8M | — | — | 880.7M |
|
| Bus Rapid Transit | 12.8M | 2.99M | 715.7K | 10.9M |
|
| Trolleybus | 9.24M | — | — | 47.4M |
|
| Streetcar | 5.99M | — | — | 49.8M |
|
| Ferryboat | 5.54M | 44.4M | — | 0 |
|
| Hybrid Rail | 4.63M | 1.36M | — | 0 |
|
| Monorail / Automated Guideway | 2.2M | — | — | 18.5M |
|
| Alaska Railroad | 1.53M | 1.01M | — | 0 |
|
| Cable Car | 199.5K | — | — | 2.79M |
|
| Inclined Plane | 36.4K | — | — | 386K |
|
| Aerial Tramway | 27K | — | — | 357.2K |
|
Furthest along on electrification
Agencies running more than a million fleet miles a year
| # | Agency | Fleet miles | Zero-emission |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Port Authority Transit Corporation
Camden, NJ
|
4.71M |
|
| 2 |
Valley Metro Rail, Inc.
Phoenix, AZ
|
3.26M |
|
| 3 |
MTA Staten Island Railway
Staten Island, NY
|
2.88M |
|
| 4 |
South Shore Line
Chesterton, IN
|
3.43M |
|
| 5 |
Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation
New York, NY
|
10.1M |
|
| 6 |
MTA Metro-North Railroad
New York, NY
|
54.9M |
|
| 7 |
MTA Long Island Rail Road
New York, NY
|
76.1M |
|
| 8 |
SF BART
Oakland, CA
|
70.4M |
|
| 9 |
Anaheim Regional Transportation
Anaheim, CA
|
2.68M |
|
| 10 |
Antelope Valley Transit Authority
Lancaster, CA
|
3.95M |
|
| 11 |
MTA New York City Transit
Brooklyn, NY
|
517.8M |
|
| 12 |
Connecticut Department of Transportation
Newington, CT
|
1.77M |
|
| 13 |
Washington Metro
Washington, DC
|
166.8M |
|
| 14 |
Chicago Transit Authority
Chicago, IL
|
111.5M |
|
| 15 |
Autoridad de Transporte Integrado
San Juan, PR
|
3.24M |
|
| 16 |
Sound Transit
Seattle, WA
|
23.8M |
|
| 17 |
Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority
Philadelphia, PA
|
81.5M |
|
| 18 |
Chicago Metra
Chicago, IL
|
13.1M |
|
| 19 |
San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency
San Francisco, CA
|
28M |
|
| 20 |
Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
Boston, MA
|
63.3M |
|
| 21 |
Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority
Atlanta, GA
|
55.8M |
|
| 22 |
RTD-Denver
Denver, CO
|
60M |
|
| 23 |
San Diego Metropolitan Transit System
San Diego, CA
|
40.2M |
|
| 24 |
Link Transit
Wenatchee, WA
|
3.39M |
|
| 25 |
Mountain Line
Missoula, MT
|
1.32M |
|
"Electric propulsion" and "battery electric" are different things in NTD's accounting. The first is a vehicle drawing current as it runs, such as a subway train on a third rail or a trolleybus on a wire; the second is a vehicle carrying its own charge. Both emit nothing at the vehicle, and both are counted as zero-emission miles here.