FY2025

Fuel and energy

What U.S. transit vehicles burn, and what share of their miles now run without a tailpipe. NTD publishes this file from 2022 onward, so these series are shorter than the ridership and cost ones.

Diesel burned

437.9M

gallons, all modes

Gasoline burned

99.9M

gallons

Natural gas

198.8M

gallon equivalents

Zero-emission miles

26.6%

battery, hydrogen and electric propulsion

Miles by fuel

Stacked, nationwide

Fuel mix, FY2025

Share of fleet miles

By mode, FY2025

Mode	Fleet miles	Diesel (gal)	CNG (gal eq.)	Electric (kWh)	Zero-emission
Bus	2.01B	280.7M	190.2M	93.8M	2.4%
Demand Response	796.1M	1.46M	4.88M	3.25M	0.6%
Heavy Rail	731.6M	—	—	3.78B	100%
Commuter Rail	223.5M	91.4M	—	1.83B	86.2%
Commuter Bus	157.4M	17.1M	3.01M	1.62M	1.3%
Vanpool	150.4M	180	—	399.5K	0.6%
Light Rail	126.2M	—	—	932.7M	100%
Bus Rapid Transit	13.9M	3.06M	791.2K	13.1M	18.5%
Trolleybus	9.3M	—	—	47.9M	100%
Streetcar	6.45M	—	—	53.5M	99.9%
Ferryboat	5.68M	42M	—	0	0%
Hybrid Rail	4.4M	1.32M	—	0	0%
Monorail / Automated Guideway	2.17M	—	—	18.3M	100%
Alaska Railroad	1.49M	979.7K	—	0	0%
Cable Car	199.5K	—	—	2.65M	100%
Inclined Plane	30.5K	—	—	334.8K	100%
Aerial Tramway	26.9K	—	—	360.8K	100%

Furthest along on electrification

Agencies running more than a million fleet miles a year

#	Agency	Fleet miles	Zero-emission
1	Port Authority Transit Corporation Camden, NJ	5.03M	100%
2	Valley Metro Rail, Inc. Phoenix, AZ	3.49M	100%
3	MTA Staten Island Railway Staten Island, NY	3.26M	100%
4	South Shore Line Chesterton, IN	4.22M	100%
5	Port Authority Trans-Hudson Corporation New York, NY	13.6M	100%
6	MTA Metro-North Railroad New York, NY	56.2M	99.4%
7	San Carlos Caltrain San Carlos, CA	11M	99%
8	MTA Long Island Rail Road New York, NY	76.9M	98.9%
9	SF BART Oakland, CA	71.6M	98.3%
10	Antelope Valley Transit Authority Lancaster, CA	4.68M	90.3%
11	Anaheim Regional Transportation Anaheim, CA	2.38M	89.8%
12	MTA New York City Transit Brooklyn, NY	517.5M	72.3%
13	Connecticut Department of Transportation Newington, CT	1.83M	70.5%
14	Washington Metro Washington, DC	162.9M	61%
15	Chicago Transit Authority Chicago, IL	136.3M	60.6%
16	Autoridad de Transporte Integrado San Juan, PR	3.39M	53.4%
17	Sound Transit Seattle, WA	27.5M	51.5%
18	City of Madison Madison, WI	8.55M	47.1%
19	Chicago Metra Chicago, IL	13.8M	42.4%
20	Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority Philadelphia, PA	85.9M	41.6%
21	San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency San Francisco, CA	27.8M	41.1%
22	Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority Boston, MA	73M	40.4%
23	Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority Atlanta, GA	58.3M	36.8%
24	San Diego Metropolitan Transit System San Diego, CA	38.9M	34.1%
25	RTD-Denver Denver, CO	63.3M	33.8%

"Electric propulsion" and "battery electric" are different things in NTD's accounting. The first is a vehicle drawing current as it runs, such as a subway train on a third rail or a trolleybus on a wire; the second is a vehicle carrying its own charge. Both emit nothing at the vehicle, and both are counted as zero-emission miles here.